Services
Specialized expertise. Comprehensive capability.
Minority interest discount valuations are our primary focus - and the foundation of everything we do. We also bring that same discipline and rigor to a full range of business valuation services.
Minority Interest Discount Valuations
DLOC & DLOM Analysis for Estate and Gift Tax Planning
Our cornerstone service. We quantify discounts for lack of control (DLOC) and lack of marketability (DLOM) with the level of rigor that estate and gift tax compliance demands. Every discount is supported by empirical data, peer-reviewed methodologies, and transparent documentation.
Methodologies
- Restricted stock studies (FMV Opinions, Stout)
- Pre-IPO transaction studies
- Option pricing models (Black-Scholes, put-option)
- Comparable transaction analysis
- Mandelbaum factor analysis
- Quantitative marketability discount models (QMDM)
Common Applications
- Family limited partnerships (FLPs & FLLCs)
- Multi-tiered LLC and partnership structures
- Charitable contribution valuations (IRC Sec. 170)
- Estate tax compliance (Form 706)
- Gift tax compliance (Form 709)
- Buy-sell agreement pricing and funding
- Intergenerational wealth transfer planning
Business Valuations
Enterprise & Equity Valuations Across Industries
Comprehensive business valuations for a wide range of purposes - from M&A advisory and shareholder transactions to financial reporting and strategic planning. We apply income, market, and asset-based approaches tailored to your entity's specific circumstances.
Common Applications
- Mergers & acquisitions (buy-side and sell-side)
- Shareholder disputes and buyouts
- Financial reporting (ASC 805, ASC 820, ASC 350)
- Strategic planning and capital allocation
- Employee stock ownership plans (ESOPs)
- Intellectual property and intangible asset valuations
Estate & Gift Tax Planning Support
Valuations Designed for Wealth Transfer Strategies
We work closely with estate planning attorneys, CPAs, and wealth managers to deliver valuations that align with and support sophisticated wealth transfer strategies - from GRATs and QPRTs to charitable remainder trusts and private annuity transactions.
Common Applications
- Grantor retained annuity trusts (GRATs)
- Qualified personal residence trusts (QPRTs)
- Installment sales to intentionally defective grantor trusts (IDGTs)
- Charitable remainder and charitable lead trusts
- Section 2701/2702 compliance valuations
- Annual exclusion gifting programs
Litigation Support & Expert Testimony
Valuation Expertise in Adversarial Settings
When valuations are challenged - in IRS examination, Tax Court, or commercial litigation - we provide expert witness testimony, rebuttal analyses, and consulting support to help resolve disputes on favorable terms.
Common Applications
- IRS audit defense and examination support
- U.S. Tax Court testimony
- Rebuttal and critique of opposing valuations
- Marital dissolution / divorce valuations
- Shareholder oppression and appraisal actions
- Commercial damages and lost profits analysis
Fairness Opinions
Independent Assessments for Fiduciaries and Boards
We provide independent fairness opinions to boards of directors, trustees, and fiduciaries who need to demonstrate that a proposed transaction is fair from a financial point of view. Our opinions follow best practices established by professional valuation standards.
Common Applications
- Related-party transactions
- Management buyouts (MBOs)
- Going-private transactions
- Mergers involving conflicts of interest
- Trustee approval of asset sales
- Board-level transaction oversight
Not sure which service you need?
Schedule a complimentary call and we'll help you determine the right approach for your situation.
Schedule a Free Consultation